SEC Filing - Kiromic BioPharma, Inc.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-39169

Kiromic BioPharma, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		46-4762913
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)


7707 Fannin Street, Suite 140, Houston, TX		77054
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		Zip Code

(832) 968-4888

(Registrant’s telephone number)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading symbol	Name of Exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	KRBP	The Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large-accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large-accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


	Large Accelerated Filer ☐		Accelerated Filer ☐
	Non-accelerated Filer ☒		Smaller Reporting Company ☒
			Emerging Growth Company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 13, 2022, there were 15,669,340 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

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PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements	5
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	9
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	10
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	38
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	38

PART II
OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	39
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	41
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	41
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	41
Item 5.	Other information	41
Item 6.	Exhibits	41
Signatures		44

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Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Various statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking and involve risks and uncertainties. All statements that address activities, events or developments that we intend, expect or believe may occur in the future are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events and are not statements of historical or current facts. These statements include, among others, statements about:

●

our goals and strategies;

●

our future business development, financial condition and results of operations;

●

our expected timing of human clinical trials and other related milestones;

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expected changes in our revenue, costs or expenditures;

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growth of and competition trends in our industry;

●

our expectations regarding demand for, and market acceptance of, our products;

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our expectations regarding our relationships with investors, institutional funding partners and other parties we collaborate with;

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fluctuations in general economic and business conditions in the markets in which we operate; including those fluctuations caused by COVID-19;

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relevant government policies and regulations relating to our industry; and

●

the outcome of any pending or threatened litigation.

Forward-looking statements also include statements other than statements of current or historical fact, including, without limitation, all statements related to any expectations of revenues, expenses, cash flows, earnings or losses from operations, cash required to maintain current and planned operations, capital or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; any plans or expectations with respect to product research, development and commercialization, including regulatory approvals; any other statements of expectations, plans, intentions or beliefs; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. We often, although not always, identify forward-looking statements by using words or phrases such as “may," "could," "will," "should," "would," "expect," "plan," "intend," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential," "project" or "continue".

The following are some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed, anticipated or implied in our forward-looking statements:

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the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business, our customers’ businesses, the medical community and the global economy;

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the effectiveness and timeliness of our preclinical studies and clinical trials, and the usefulness of the data;

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our expectations regarding the timing and clinical development of our product candidates;

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our ability to achieve profitable operations and access to needed capital;

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fluctuations in our operating results;

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the success of current and future license and collaboration agreements

●

our dependence on contract research organizations, vendors and investigators;

●

effects of competition and other developments affecting development of products;

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market acceptance of our products;

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protection of intellectual property and avoiding intellectual property infringement;

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product liability; and

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other factors described in our filings with the SEC.

We cannot guarantee that the results and other expectations expressed, anticipated or implied in any forward-looking statement will be realized. The risks set forth under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 describe major risks to our business, and you should read and interpret any forward-looking statements together with these risks. A variety of factors, including these risks, could cause our actual results and other expectations to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed, anticipated or implied in our forward-looking statements. Should known or unknown risks materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove

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inaccurate, actual results could differ materially from past results and those anticipated, estimated or projected in the forward-looking statements. You should bear this in mind as you consider any forward-looking statements.

Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the dates on which they are made. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise our forward-looking statements even if experience or future changes makes it clear that any projected results expressed or implied in such statements will not be realized.

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PART I —FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

KIROMIC BIOPHARMA, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)


	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	15,123,100	$	25,353,900
Accounts receivable		—		16,200
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,607,900		1,699,400
Total current assets		16,731,000		27,069,500
Property and equipment, net		6,900,400		3,629,000
Operating lease right-of-use asset		2,227,300		—
Other assets		31,100		31,100
Total Assets	$	25,889,800	$	30,729,600

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	2,302,600	$	2,214,300
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		1,036,600		741,000
Note payable		285,700		454,500
Operating lease liability - short term		480,300		—
Total current liabilities		4,105,200		3,409,800
Deferred rent		5,500		—
Operating lease liability - long term		1,747,000		—
Total Liabilities		5,857,700		3,409,800

Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value: 300,000,000 shares authorized as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 15,585,587 shares and 15,488,516 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		9,300		9,300
Additional paid-in capital		94,607,100		94,527,000
Accumulated deficit		(74,584,300)		(67,216,500)
Total Stockholders’ Equity		20,032,100		27,319,800

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	25,889,800	$	30,729,600

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

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KIROMIC BIOPHARMA, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	2,925,800	$	1,885,600
General and administrative		4,439,200		2,071,000
Total operating expenses		7,365,000		3,956,600
Loss from operations		(7,365,000)		(3,956,600)
Other income (expense)
Gain on loan extinguishment		—		105,800
Interest expense		(2,800)		(3,700)
Total other income (expense)		(2,800)		102,100
Net loss	$	(7,367,800)	$	(3,854,500)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.48)	$	(0.53)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		15,542,444		7,332,999

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

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KIROMIC BIOPHARMA, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

		Common Stock			Additional Paid-
		Number of			In		Accumulated
		Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Total
Balance January 1, 2022		15,488,516	$	9,300	$	94,527,000	$	(67,216,500)	$	27,319,800
Common stock discount amortization		—		—		85,100		—		85,100
Warrants underlying common stock issuance		—		—		(85,100)		—		(85,100)
Released restricted stock units		97,071		—		—		—		—
Stock compensation expense		—		—		80,100		—		80,100
Net loss		—		—		—		(7,367,800)		(7,367,800)
Balance at March 31, 2022		15,585,587	$	9,300	$	94,607,100	$	(74,584,300)	$	20,032,100

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

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KIROMIC BIOPHARMA, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

		Common Stock
					Additional Paid-
		Number of			In		Accumulated
		Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Total
Balance at January 1, 2021		7,332,999	$	1,200	$	52,988,700	$	(41,627,800)	$	11,362,100
Common stock discount amortization		—		—		24,700		—		24,700
Warrants underlying common stock issuance		—		—		(24,700)		—		(24,700)
Stock compensation expense		—		—		945,200		—		945,200
Net loss		—		—		—		(3,854,500)		(3,854,500)
Balance at March 31, 2021		7,332,999	$	1,200	$	53,933,900	$	(45,482,300)	$	8,452,800

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

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KIROMIC BIOPHARMA, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(7,367,800)	$	(3,854,500)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used for operating activities:
Depreciation		182,800		95,600
Stock compensation expense		80,100		945,200
Gain on loan extinguishment		—		(105,800)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable		16,200		—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		91,500		75,400
Operating lease right-of-use asset		(2,227,300)		—
Accounts payable		(882,800)		273,600
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		295,600		(65,400)
Deferred rent		5,500		—
Operating lease liability		2,227,300		—
Net cash used for operating activities		(7,578,900)		(2,635,900)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(2,483,100)		(44,700)
Net cash used for investing activities		(2,483,100)		(44,700)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of note payable		(168,800)		(134,600)
Net cash used for financing activities		(168,800)		(134,600)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(10,230,800)		(2,815,200)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of year		25,353,900		10,150,500
End of period	$	15,123,100	$	7,335,300

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Accounts payable and accruals for property and equipment	$	971,100	$	264,400
Cash paid for interest on note payable	$	2,800	$	3,700

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

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KIROMIC BIOPHARMA, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1.	ORGANIZATION

Nature of Business

Kiromic BioPharma, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") is a clinical stage fully integrated biotherapeutics company formed under the Texas Business Organizations Code in December 2012.

The Company is an artificial intelligence-driven, end-to-end CAR-T and gene therapy company, developing the first multi-indication allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy, that exploits the natural potency of Gamma Delta T-cells to target solid cancers. The Company maintains offices in Houston, Texas. The Company has not generated any revenues to date.

The Company is developing its brand of CAR-T cell product candidates known as ALEXIS. The two product candidates are called ALEXIS-PRO-1 and ALEXIS-ISO-1. ALEXIS-PRO-1 is an allogeneic gamma delta chimeric T cell therapy product candidate targeting PD-L1. ALEXIS-ISO-1 is an allogenic gamma delta CAR-T cell therapy product candidate targeting Isomesothelin (the isoform of Mesothelin). These are designed to treat cancer by capitalizing on the immune system’s ability to destroy cancer cells. We filed two investigational new drug (“IND”) applications in May 2021 for ALEXIS-PRO-1 and ALEXIS-ISO-1. The Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) placed these applications under a clinical hold in June 2021. On July 13, 2021, the Company received the FDA’s formal clinical hold letters, which asked the Company to address key components regarding the chemical, manufacturing, and control components of the IND applications. Those components included tracing of all reagents used in manufacturing, flow chart of manufacturing processes, and certificate of analysis. The Company is currently working on addressing the FDA’s comments.

Going Concern— These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.

The Company has incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations since inception and expects to incur additional losses until such time that it can generate significant revenue from the commercialization of its product candidates. The Company had negative cash flow from operations of $7,578,900 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and an accumulated deficit of $74,584,300 as of March 31, 2022. To date, the Company has relied on equity and debt financing to fund its operations. The Company’s product candidates are still in the early stages of development, and substantial additional financing will be needed by the Company to fund its operations and ongoing research and development efforts prior to the commercialization, if any, of its product candidates. The Company does not have sufficient cash on hand or available liquidity to meet its obligations through the twelve months following the date the condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. This condition raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Given its projected operating requirements and its existing cash and cash equivalents, management’s plans include evaluating different strategies to obtain the required funding of future operations. These plans may include, but are not limited to, additional funding from current or new investors. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to secure such additional financing, or if available, that it will be sufficient to meet its needs or on favorable terms. Therefore, the plans cannot be deemed probable of being implemented. As a result, the Company has concluded that management’s plans do not alleviate substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

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2.	SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information (Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 270, Interim Reporting) and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information necessary for a full presentation of financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with GAAP. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the fiscal year as a whole. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the Company for the periods presented.

All intercompany balances were eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include determination of the fair value of common stock and related stock-based compensation, warrants to purchase common stock underlying shares of Series B Preferred Stock and public offering common stock, and estimating services incurred by third-party service providers used to recognize research and development expense.

Cash and Cash Equivalents—As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, cash and cash equivalents consisted entirely of cash on hand and bank deposits. The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with remaining maturities at purchase of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents.

Concentrations of Credit Risk and Other Uncertainties—Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. Substantially all of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were deposited in accounts at a small number of national financial institutions. Account balances may at times exceed federally-insured limits. The Company has not incurred losses related to these cash and cash equivalents deposited at financial institutions and management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial strength of the depository institutions in which the cash is held.

The Company is subject to certain risks and uncertainties from changes in any of the following areas that the Company believes could have a material adverse effect on future financial position or results of operations: the ability to obtain regulatory approval and market acceptance of, and reimbursement for, the Company’s product candidates; the performance of third-party clinical research organizations and manufacturers; protection of the intellectual property; litigation or claims against the Company based on intellectual property, patent, product, regulatory or other factors; the Company’s ability to attract and retain employees necessary to support commercial success; and changes in the industry or customer requirements including the emergence of competitive products with new capabilities.

Deposit—In connection with one of the Company’s facility leases, a deposit is held by the lessor per the terms of the noncancelable agreement. The deposit has been recorded as a long-term asset on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Property and Equipment—Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from 1 to 8 years. Major replacements and improvements are capitalized as leasehold improvements, while general repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Estimated useful lives of leasehold improvements are the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful economic life of the specific asset.

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Estimated useful lives of property and equipment are as follows for the major classes of assets:


Asset Description		Estimated Lives
Laboratory Equipment		3 - 8
Leasehold Improvements		1 - 7
Office Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment		5
Software		3 - 5

Internal Use Software Development Costs—The Company capitalizes certain costs incurred to develop internal use software. All costs incurred that relate to planning and post-implementation phases of development are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred in the development and implementation phases are capitalized and amortized over the estimated life of the software, generally five years. The Company did not capitalize any software development costs during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Goodwill— In connection with the InSilico Solutions, LLC (“InSilico”) acquisition, the Company recognized goodwill for the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible net assets of the business acquired. The Company will review goodwill for impairment annually on November 30, and whenever events or circumstances in interim periods indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment may have occurred.

The Company assessed events and circumstances as of December 31, 2021 which was primarily driven by a reduced stock price as of December 31, 2021. The carrying value of the Company’s assets was in excess of the market value of equity as of December 31, 2021. After analyzing this quantitative circumstance along with other qualitative considerations, the Company’s management determined that an impairment of the entire value of the goodwill was appropriate. Accordingly, the Company incurred an impairment expense on the statement of operations totaling $430,000 during the year ended December 31, 2021. Since the Company records a full valuation allowance to offset any deferred tax assets, the Company does not believe this impairment would result in any material tax impact.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets—The Company reviews its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment indicators. If indicators are noted, the Company compares the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated undiscounted cash flows. If the carrying amount exceeds its estimated undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized to adjust the long-lived asset to fair value. There have been no impairment losses on the Company’s long-lived assets since inception.

Comprehensive Loss—Comprehensive loss includes net loss as well as other changes in stockholders’ equity that result from transactions and economic events other than those with stockholders. For all periods presented, there was no difference between net loss and comprehensive loss.

Income Taxes—The Company files federal and state income tax returns, utilizing the accrual basis of accounting. Income taxes are provided for the tax effects of transactions reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and consist of taxes currently due and deferred taxes. Certain transactions of the Company may be subject to accounting methods for income tax purposes, which differ from the accounting methods used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, the net income or loss of the Company reported for income tax purposes may differ from the balances reported for those same items in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which such temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company records valuation allowances to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

The Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) the Company determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to

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unrecognized tax benefits on the income tax expense line in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. No such interest or penalties were recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Research and Development Expense—The Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. Research and development expenses include personnel and personnel-related costs, costs associated with the Company’s clinical development activities including costs of outside consultants and contractors, the submission and maintenance of regulatory filings, equipment and supplies used in developing products prior to market approval and an allocation of certain overhead costs such as facility and related expenses.

The Company accrues and expenses costs of services provided by contract research organizations in connection with preclinical studies and contract manufacturing organizations engaged to manufacture clinical trial material, costs of licensing technology, and costs of services provided by research organizations and service providers. Upfront payments and milestone payments made for the licensing of technology are expensed as research and development in the period in which they are incurred if the technology is not expected to have any alternative future uses other than the specific research and development project for which it was intended. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in the future for use in research and development activities are recorded as prepaid expenses. The prepaid amounts are expensed as the related goods are delivered or the services are performed rather than when the payment is made.

Fair Value Measurements—The carrying value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The Company accounts for financial instruments in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 are described below:

Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Quoted prices in non-active markets or in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, observable inputs other than quoted prices, and inputs that are not directly observable but are corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3—Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

There were no changes in the fair value hierarchy levels during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Nonvested Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units—Pursuant to the Company’s 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”) and the Omnibus 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), the Company has the ability to issue a variety of share-based payments and incentives to board members, employees, and non-employees. The Company has issued grants of nonvested stock options and restricted stock units under the 2017 Plan and 2021 Plan.

The vesting conditions for stock options and restricted stock units include annual vesting, monthly vesting, and fully vesting upon grant date. Annual vesting conditions are for four years. Monthly vesting conditions range from 10 to 48 months. When nonvested options are vested, they become exercisable over a 10-year period from grant date.

The vesting conditions for restricted stock units include cliff vesting conditions. Certain restricted stock units vest with a range of 6 to 12 months following the expiration of employee lock-up agreements. Certain restricted stock units vest based on the later of achievement of key milestones or the expiration of employee lock-up agreements. When nonvested restricted stock units are vested, they are released to the grantee within sixty days.

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Stock-Based Compensation—The Company records stock compensation expense related to the 2017 Plan and the 2021 Plan in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. The Company measures and recognizes stock compensation expense for all stock-based awards, including stock options, based on estimated fair values recognized using cliff vesting or the straight-line method over the requisite service period. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-valuation model (the “Black-Scholes model”). The calculation of stock-based compensation expense requires that the Company make assumptions and judgments about the variables used in the Black-Scholes model, including the fair value of the Company’s common stock, expected term, expected volatility of the underlying common stock, and risk-free interest rate. Forfeitures are accounted for when they occur.

The Company estimates the grant-date fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes model and the assumptions used to value such stock options are determined as follows:

Expected Term. The expected term represents the period that the Company’s stock options are expected to be outstanding. Due to limitations on the sale or transfer of the Company’s common stock under the lock-up agreements and market standoff components of the stock option agreements, the Company does not believe its historical exercise pattern is indicative of the pattern it will experience after restricted periods expire. The Company has previously used the Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 110, simplified method to calculate the expected term, which is the average of the contractual term and vesting period.

Risk-Free Interest Rate. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes model on the implied yield available on US Treasury zero-coupon issues with a term equivalent to that of the expected term of the stock options for each stock option group.

Volatility. The Company determines the price volatility based on the historical volatilities of industry peers as it has no trading history for its common stock price. The Company intends to continue to consistently apply this process using the same or a similar peer group of public companies, until a sufficient amount of historical information regarding the volatility of its own common stock price becomes available, or unless circumstances change such that the identified peer companies are no longer similar, in which case other suitable peer companies whose common stock prices are publicly available would be utilized in the calculation.

Dividend Yield. The expected dividend assumption is based on the Company’s current expectations about its anticipated dividend policy. To date, the Company has not declared any dividends and, therefore, the Company has used an expected dividend yield of zero.

Common Stock Valuations. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the closing price listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market for the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant was used as the common stock valuation. Future expense amounts for any particular period could be affected by changes in assumptions or market conditions.

Segment Data—The Company manages its operations as a single segment for the purposes of assessing performance and making operating decisions.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements—From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows upon adoption.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11 to amend certain aspects of Topic 842. These amendments provide entities with an additional (and optional) transition method to adopt Topic 842. Under this transition method, an entity initially applies the transition requirements in Topic 842 at that Topic’s effective date with the effects of initially applying Topic 842 recognized as a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings (or other components of equity or net assets, as appropriate) in the period of adoption. On October 16, 2019, the FASB changed the effective date of this standard applicable to the Company as an emerging growth company to January 1, 2022. Accordingly, the Company has adopted Topic 842 beginning in the first quarter of 2022. Modified

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retroactive transition approach will be required for operating leases existing at or entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented. The Company notes that adopting the new standard resulted in recording a lease liability and right-of-use asset associated with the Company’s facility lease agreement and subsequent amendments thereto totaling $2,067,000 and $2,063,400, respectively as of January 1, 2022.

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326). The amendments in ASU 2016-13 affect entities holding financial assets and net investment in leases that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. The amendments affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance-sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 require a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. On October 16, 2019, the FASB has changed the effective date of this standard applicable to the Company as an emerging growth company to January 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this standard on its financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

3.NET LOSS PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK

Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock is determined by dividing net loss less deemed dividends by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding during the period. For all periods presented, the shares of common stock underlying the stock options, and restricted stock units have been excluded from the calculation because their effect would be anti-dilutive. Therefore, the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding used to calculate both basic and diluted loss per share of common stock are the same. The following table illustrates the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Net loss	$	(7,367,800)	$	(3,854,500)
Less: initial public offering Common Stock discount amortization		(24,700)		(24,700)
Less: public offering Common Stock discount amortization		(60,400)		—
Net loss attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted	$	(7,452,900)	$	(3,879,200)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		15,542,444		7,332,999
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted	$	(0.48)	$	(0.53)

For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computations of diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding were:


	March 31,	March 31,
	2022	2021
Stock options	—	677
Restricted stock units	—	32,000
Total	—	32,677

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4.	PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consisted of the following as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Equipment	$	1,651,800	$	1,593,100
Leasehold improvements		2,936,200		1,464,700
Office furniture, fixtures, and equipment		109,500		16,600
Software		359,500		359,500
Construction in progress		3,057,700		1,226,600
		8,114,700		4,660,500
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(1,214,300)		(1,031,500)
Total	$	6,900,400	$	3,629,000

Depreciation expense was $182,800 and $95,600 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Depreciation expense is allocated between research and development and general and administrative operating expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

5.ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Accrued consulting and outside services	$	742,900	$	467,100
Accrued compensation		293,700		273,900
Total	$	1,036,600	$	741,000

6.LOAN PAYABLE

On May 1, 2020, the Company received a loan in the principal amount of $115,600 (the “SBA Loan”) under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), which was established under the recently enacted Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). The intent and purpose of the PPP is to support companies, during the COVID-19 pandemic, by providing funds for certain specified business expenses, with a focus on payroll. As a qualifying business as defined by the SBA, the Company is using the proceeds from this loan to primarily help maintain its payroll. The term of the SBA Loan promissory note (“the Note”) is two years, though it may be payable sooner in connection with an event of default under the Note. The SBA Loan carries a fixed interest rate of one percent per year, with the first payment due seven months from the date of initial cash receipt. Under the CARES Act and the PPP, certain amounts of loans made under the PPP may be forgiven if the recipients use the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll costs and certain rent or utility costs, and meet other requirements regarding, among other things, the maintenance of employment and compensation levels. The Company intends to use the SBA Loan for qualifying expenses and to apply for forgiveness of the SBA Loan in accordance with the terms of the CARES Act.

The Note provides for customary events of default, including, among others, those relating to failure to make payment, bankruptcy, materially false or misleading representations to the SBA, and adverse changes in the Company’s financial condition or business operations that may materially affect its ability to pay the SBA Loan.

As the legal form of the Note is a debt obligation, the Company accounts for it as debt under ASC 470, Debt, and recorded $105,600 as of December 31, 2020, in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company received initial proceeds of $115,600 and made a repayment of $10,000 on the SBA Loan, bringing the balance to $105,600 as of December 31, 2020. The Company accrued interest over the term of the loan and did not impute additional interest at a market rate because the guidance on imputing interest in ASC 835-30, Interest, excludes transactions where interest rates are prescribed by a government agency.

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During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company applied for forgiveness of the SBA Loan in accordance with the terms of the CARES Act. On February 16, 2021, the SBA granted forgiveness of the SBA Loan and all applicable interest. On the date of forgiveness, the principal and accrued interest totaled $105,800. The forgiveness was classified as a gain on loan extinguishment in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

7.NOTE PAYABLE

In November 2020, the Company entered into a financing arrangement for its Director and Officer Insurance policy. The total amount financed was approximately $540,500 with an annual interest rate of 4.59%, to be paid over a period of nine months. As of December 31, 2021, this financing arrangement was paid in its entirety.

In November 2021, the Company entered into a financing arrangement for its Director and Officer Insurance policy. The total amount financed was approximately $665,900 with an annual interest rate of 4.59%, to be paid over a period of ten months. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the remaining payable balance on the financed amount was $285,700 and $454,500, respectively.

8.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

License Agreements—The Company has entered into a number of licensing arrangements for various intellectual property and licensed patent rights for technologies being developed for commercial sale. As part of these arrangements, the Company is subject to contingent milestone payments in accordance with agreed-upon development objectives, as well as future royalty payments on product sales of the underlying assets. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company has not incurred any milestone or royalty liabilities related to these license agreements.

Strategic Alliance Agreement with Leon Office (H.K.)—On January 28, 2021, the Company executed a strategic alliance agreement with Leon Office (H.K.) (“Leon”) a company established under existing laws of Hong Kong. It is intended that Leon acts as an independent business development advisor on behalf of the Company. Leon will seek to introduce organizations and individuals that will create business development opportunities for the Company, to expand the Company’s reach to international markets with a focus on certain Asian markets and to increase brand recognition and exposure through developing liaisons, collaborations, branches and subsidiaries. They will also use commercially reasonable efforts to research the Asian market, with a primary, but not exclusive, focus on determining the most suitable structures for the development of medical partnerships or joint ventures with scientific partners in the Asian market with a mission to test products to be created by the joint venture resulting from such partnership and to develop validation programs for any products produced by such joint venture, including programs for clinical trials and human testing and, ultimately, for product certification. The cost of the agreement is $360,000 annually, payable in four quarterly installments. The Company did not renew this agreement as of March 31, 2022 and there are no further estimated payments associated with the agreement.

Legal Proceedings— On March 22, 2021, Jason Terrell (“Terrell”), a former consultant former director of the Company, commenced an action against us in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, C.A. No. 2021-0248-MTZ (the “Action”). In the Action, Terrell seeks a declaratory judgment that the Company is obligated to issue him (i) options to purchase 500,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.50 per share pursuant to an alleged 2014 consulting agreement, and (ii) options to purchase an additional 500,005 shares of common stock at a price of $0.17 per share pursuant to an alleged January 2017 non-employee director options agreement. In his complaint, Terrell also claimed that, pursuant to the operative certificate of incorporation, he is entitled to indemnification from us for attorneys’ fees and costs he incurs in connection with the Action because the Action arises in connection with his position as a former director.

The Company disputes Terrell’s claims and allegations in the Action and intends to vigorously defend against them. On May 21, 2021, the Company filed a motion to dismiss Terrell’s claims in the actions with prejudice, arguing that (i) Terrell’s options-related claims fail because his 2014 and January 2017 agreements were explicitly superseded by a later options agreement, under which Terrell relinquished his prior options; and (ii) Terrell is not entitled to indemnification because the Action relates to contracts between the Company and Terrell in his personal capacity, and not in connection with any activities or duties of Terrell in his official capacity as former director. In response to the motion, filed on June

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21, 2021, Terrell withdrew his claim for indemnification, but opposed the portion seeking dismissal of his declaratory judgment claim. The motion was fully briefed with the filing of the Company’s reply brief on July 7, 2021.

Oral argument was held before the Vice Chancellor on October 20, 2021. During oral argument, the Vice Chancellor invited the parties to submit supplemental letter briefs on the question of whether the Court of Chancery even had the authority to adjudicate the Action in light of the delegation of authority in Terrell’s most recent stock option agreement with the Company (the “SOA”) to the Company’s Compensation Committee to resolve all disputes regarding the interpretation of the SOA. The parties submitted simultaneous supplemental letters briefs on this issue on November 15, 2021. On January 20, 2022, the Vice Chancellor issued her decision on our motion to dismiss, ruling that the Action is stayed until the Compensation Committee itself resolves whether it has sole authority to resolve the parties’ contract interpretation dispute.

Subsequently, the parties agreed upon a process for coordinating submissions and/or presentations to the Compensation Committee. The parties made their respective written submissions to the Compensation Committee on March 31, 2022 and are awaiting the Compensation Committee’s determination(s).

In the interim, as noted, the Action is stayed and no further proceedings are taking place.

In a separate matter, on or about August 17 and 23, 2021, Tony Tontat, who at the time was the Chief Financial Officer and a member of the Board, submitted substantially identical reports (the “Complaints”) through the Company’s complaint hotline. These Complaints, alleged, among other topics, risks associated with the Company’s public disclosures in securities filings and in statements made to the public, investors, and potential investors regarding (i) the anticipated timing of the FDA authorization of the IND applications and (ii) the anticipated timing of human clinical trials. These Complaints were subsequently submitted to the Audit Committee of the Board.

After receiving the Complaints, the Audit Committee recommended that the Board form, and the Board did in turn form, a Special Committee comprised of three independent directors (the “Special Committee”) to review the Complaints and other related issues (the “Internal Review”). The Special Committee retained an independent counsel to assist it in conducting the Internal Review.

On February 2, 2022, following the conclusion of the Internal Review, the Company’s Special Committee reported the results of its Internal Review to the Board. The Board approved certain actions to address the fact that the Company had received communications from the FDA on June 16 and June 17, 2021 that the FDA was placing the IND applications that the Company submitted to the FDA on May 14 and May 17, 2021 for the ALEXIS-PRO-1 and ALEXIS-ISO-1 product candidates, respectively, on clinical hold (the “June 16 and 17 FDA Communications”). On July 13, 2021, the Company received the FDA’s formal clinical hold letters, which asked the Company to address key components regarding the chemical, manufacturing, and control components of the IND applications. On July 16, 2021, the Company issued a press release disclosing that it had received comments from the FDA on the two INDs, but did not use the term “clinical hold.” The Company then consummated a public offering of $40 million of its common stock pursuant to the Registration Statement on July 2, 2021. On August 13, 2021, the Company issued a press release announcing that these INDs were placed on clinical hold. The Company did not disclose the June 16 and 17, 2021 FDA Communications in (i) the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-257427) that was filed on June 25, 2021 and declared effective on June 29, 2021, nor the final prospectus contained therein dated June 29, 2021 (collectively, the “Registration Statement”); or (ii) the Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2021 that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2021.

As a result of the disclosure omission of the June 16 and 17 FDA Communications, on March 7, 2022, entities related to Sabby Management LLC (the “Sabby Entities”) and Empery Asset Management, LP (the “Empery Entities”) filed a complaint in the District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging claims against the Company and certain current and former officers and directors of the Company for alleged violations of Sections 11, 12, and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with the purchase of common stock through the Company’s public offering that closed on July 2, 2021. The plaintiffs seek unspecified damages; rescission to the extent they still hold the Company’s securities, or if sold, rescissory damages; reasonable costs and expenses, including attorneys’ and experts’ fees; and other unspecified equitable and injunctive relief. The parties have agreed that the Defendants’ shall respond to the complaint on June 30, 2022. The Company has evaluated that it is reasonably possible that the Sabby Entities’ and Empery Entities’ claims may result in an estimated loss ranging between $0 and $8,100,000.

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Similarly, the Company has evaluated that it is reasonably possible that other unasserted claims in future litigation and losses may occur. However, the Company is unable to estimate any possible range of loss attributed to other unasserted claims at this time.

The Company regularly assesses all contingencies and believes, based on information presently known, the Company is not involved in any other matters that would have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

9.ACQUISITIONS

InSilico

On July 26, 2021, the Company completed its previously announced acquisition of InSilico pursuant to the Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with InSilico and Michael Ryan (the “Seller”).

Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the Company acquired 100% of the membership interest of InSilico by delivering 50,189 shares to the Seller, and granting 33,177 restricted stock units to the employees of InSilico under the Company’s 2021 Plan (the “Acquisition”). At the closing of the Acquisition, InSilico became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. InSilico, based in Fairfax, VA, is a world class bioinformatics and artificial intelligence services company.

The Company determined fair values for the assets purchased, liabilities assumed, and purchase consideration as of the date of acquisition in the following table. The determination of the estimated fair value required management to make significant estimates and assumptions. See below for the fair value of purchase consideration and fair value of net assets acquired.


	Estimated Fair Value
	at Acquisition Date
Fair value of purchase consideration
Fair value of common stock issued to Seller	$	400,000
Fair value of restricted stock units granted		140,000
Fair value of purchase consideration	$	540,000

Fair value of net assets acquired
Cash	$	84,000
Accounts receivable		26,000
Fixed asset		1,000
Goodwill (a)		430,000
Other current liabilities		(1,000)
Fair value of net assets acquired		540,000

(a)

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible net assets of the business acquired. This amount also includes intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition, combined with synergies expected from integrating InSilico processes with the Company’s.

The Company assessed events and circumstances as of December 31, 2021 which was primarily driven by a reduced stock price as of December 31, 2021. The carrying value of the Company’s assets was in excess of the market value of equity as of December 31, 2021. After analyzing this quantitative circumstance along with other qualitative considerations, the Company’s management determined that an impairment of the entire value of the goodwill was appropriate. Accordingly, the Company recorded impairment expense of $430,000 during the year ended December 31, 2021.

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10.LEASES

The Company adopted FASB ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) on January 1, 2022, using the modified retrospective method, in which it did not restate prior periods. Upon adoption, the Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within Topic 842 which, among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification.

In our implementation of ASU No. 2016-02 the Company elected to discount lease obligations using our incremental borrowing rate, which is derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest that it would have to pay to borrow over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The Company considers publicly available data for instruments with similar terms and characteristics when determining its incremental borrowing rates. In addition, we elected the practical expedient to account for the lease and non-lease components on a combined basis. The Company intends to use the full lease term under the existing lease agreement as the lease term, which is currently set to expire on April 30, 2026. As of March 31, 2022, the Company is not able to determine if any renewal options will be exercised.

The Company leases its premises in Houston, Texas under an operating lease which was renewed on November 19, 2020. This renewed lease agreement will commence under an operating lease agreement that is noncancelable from commencement until May 1, 2024.

On March 22, 2021, the Company’s board of directors approved a lease expansion within its premises in Houston, Texas. The amended lease agreement commenced on August 1, 2021 under an operating lease agreement that is noncancelable from commencement until May 1, 2024. The amended lease agreement adds approximately 15,385 square feet. The Company has the option to cancel the lease thereafter until the agreement expires on May 1, 2026. The termination date is effective after a 90-day notice of cancellation.

Two further amendments were executed in 2021. The agreements commenced on November 1, 2021, and December 1, 2021 under an operating lease agreement that is noncancelable from commencement until May 1, 2024. The amended lease agreement adds approximately 3,684 square feet. The Company has the option to cancel the lease thereafter until the agreement expires on May 1, 2026. The termination date is effective after a 90-day notice of cancellation.

An amendment to the lease agreement was executed in January 2022 and commenced May 1, 2022. The amendment will add approximately 9,352 square feet. The Company has the option to cancel the lease thereafter until the agreement expires on May 1, 2026. The termination date is effective after a 90-day notice of cancellation. In year one and two monthly rent is $4,800 per month, in year three and four monthly rent is $4,896 per month, and in year five monthly rent is $5,000 per month.

If the Company exercises the cancellation option, the Company must also pay the lessor a termination payment equal to three months of base rent.

The following table indicates the balance sheet line items that include the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for our operating lease:


	March 31,
	2022
		Operating lease
Right-of-Use Asset
Operating lease	$	2,227,300
Total right-of use asset		2,227,300

Lease Liabilities
Operating lease - short term	$	(480,300)
Operating lease - long term		(1,747,000)
Deferred rent		(5,500)
Total lease liabilities		(2,232,800)

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For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the components of lease expense were as follows:



	2022
Operating lease cost allocated to research and development expense	$	82,300
Operating lease cost allocated to general and administrative expense		68,100
Total lease expense	$	150,400
Weighted-average remaining lease term		4.08
Weighted-average discount rate		7.12	%

As of March 31, 2022 the maturities of the Company’s operating lease liabilities were as follows:


Maturity of Lease Liabilities		Operating lease
2022	$	465,300
2023		626,100
2024		628,900
2025		634,600
2026		212,500
Total lease payments		2,567,400
Less: imputed interest		(334,600)
Present value of lease payments		2,232,800

The Company maintains a month to month lease in Arlington, VA, which is considered a short term lease. The Company elected to exclude this lease from the determination of the right-of-use asset and lease liability, as permitted under ASC 842. The Company will recognize the lease payments in profit or loss in the statement of operations on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Under ASC 840, rent expense recognized under the leases was $69,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Future minimum lease payments under noncancellable operating leases were:


	As of December 31, 2021
2022	$	616,157
2023		624,825
2024		523,939
Total lease payments		1,764,921

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11.STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company was authorized to issue 300,000,000 shares of common stock and 60,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, of which 24,000,000 shares were designated as Series A-1 Preferred Stock and 16,500,000 shares were designated as Series B Preferred Stock.

Common Stock—As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company has a single class of common stock.

On October 15, 2020, the Company received net proceeds of $12,332,700 from its initial public offering (“IPO”), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $1,275,000 and other offering expenses of $1,392,300 incurred. The Company issued and sold 1,250,000 shares of common stock in the IPO at a price of $12.00 per share.

On July 2, 2021, the Company received net proceeds of $37,118,100 from its public offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $2,494,900 and other offering expenses of $457,000 incurred. The Company issued and sold 8,000,000 shares of common stock in the public offering at a price of $5.00 per share.

Below is a table that outlines the initial value of issuances allocated to the IPO and public offering of common stock and the IPO and public offering common stock discount amortization, during the three months ended March 31:


	2022		2021
Common Stock
Balance at January 1,	$	48,264,300	$	11,975,400
Common stock initial public offering discount amortization		24,700		24,700
Common stock public offering discount amortization		60,400		—
Balance at March 31,	$	48,349,400	$	12,000,100

The Company has never paid dividends and has no plans to pay dividends on common stock. As of December 31, 2017, the Company adopted the 2017 Plan.

As of June 25, 2021, the Company adopted the 2021 Plan. Under the 2021 Plan, the Board approved an additional 200,000 shares to be reserved and authorized under the 2021 Plan plus any unallocated shares from the 2017 Plan.

There were 880,785 shares and 433,895 shares available for issuance as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Representative’s Warrants—In connection with the IPO on October 15, 2020, the Company granted the underwriters warrants (the “Underwriters’ Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of 62,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $15.00 per share, which is 125% of the initial public offering price. The Underwriters’ Warrants have a five-year term and are not exercisable prior to April 13, 2021. All of the Underwriters’ Warrants were outstanding at March 31, 2022.

These warrants were equity classified. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the warrant fair values of $232,600 and $257,300, respectively, is reflected as additional paid-in capital. On the issuance date, the Black-Scholes option-pricing model was used to estimate the fair value of the warrants with the following weighted-average assumptions on October 15, 2020:

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Risk-free interest rate	0.18	%
Expected volatility	94.08	%
Expected life (years)	2.74
Expected dividend yield	0	%

In connection with the public offering on July 2, 2021, the Company granted the underwriters warrants (the “Additional Underwriters’ Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.25 per share, which is 125% of the initial public offering price. The Additional Underwriters’ Warrants have a five-year term and are not exercisable prior to January 2, 2022. All of the Additional Underwriters’ Warrants were outstanding at March 31, 2022.

These warrants were equity classified. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the fair value of the warrants was $868,900 and $929,300, respectively, and is reflected as additional paid-in capital.. On the issuance date, the Black-Scholes option-pricing model was used to estimate the fair value of the warrants with the following weighted-average assumptions on July 2, 2021:


Risk-free interest rate	0.40	%
Expected volatility	98.27	%
Expected life (years)	2.75
Expected dividend yield	0	%

12.STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

2017 Stock Incentive Plan— Stock Options

The Black-Scholes option-pricing model has been used previously to estimate the fair value of stock options. However, there were no options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

The following table summarizes the activity for all stock options outstanding at March 31 under the 2017 Plan:


	2022			2021
		Weighted			Weighted
		Average			Average
		Exercise			Exercise
	Shares	Price		Shares	Price
Options outstanding at beginning of year	380,909	$	10.03	489,718	$	10.03
Granted	—		—	—		—
Exercised	—		—	—		—
Cancelled and forfeited	(42,037)		9.19	(57,149)		17.88
Balance at March 31	338,872	$	8.49	432,569	$	8.99
Options exercisable at March 31:	332,674	$	8.44	408,306	$	8.75
Weighted average grant date fair value for options granted and expected to be vested during the period:		$	—		$	—

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The following table summarizes additional information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2022 and 2021 under the 2017 Plan:

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Weighted

Average

Weighted

Remaining

Average

Aggregate

Average

Aggregate

As of

Options

Contractual

Exercise

Intrinsic

Options

Exercise

Intrinsic

March 31,

Outstanding

Life

Price

Value

Exercisable

Price

Value

2022

338,872

5.76

8.49

—

332,674

8.44

—

2021

432,569

6.72

8.99

839,700

408,306

8.75

269,514

Total stock compensation expense recognized from stock-based compensation awards classified as stock options were recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Research and development	$	49,000	$	19,000
General and administrative		8,000		102,000
Total	$	57,000	$	121,000

On August 20, 2020, the board of directors canceled and terminated 15,792 stock options, granted during the quarter ended June 30, 2020 to four non-employees. Thereafter, on August 20, 2020, the board of directors granted 21,112 stock options to the same individuals with a grant date fair value of $12.81 per share. There were 3,959 stock option grants that were considered vested on the grant date. The effects of the stock option modifications resulted in $20,900 of stock compensation expense allocable to general and administrative for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Included in that amount were $9,600 of incremental compensation costs resulting from the modifications for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

As of March 31, 2022, total unrecognized stock compensation expense is $61,815 related to unvested stock options to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 0.79 years.

2017 Stock Incentive Plan—Restricted Stock Units

The 2017 Plan permits the Company to grant equity awards for up to 1,708,615 shares of the Company’s common stock awards, including incentive stock options; non-statutory stock options; and conditional share awards to employees, directors, and consultants of the Company. All granted shares that are canceled, forfeited, or expired are returned to the 2017 Plan and are available for grant in conjunction with the issuance of new common stock awards. Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) vest over a specified amount of time or when certain performance metrics are achieved by the Company.

In the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the fair value of the shares of common stock underlying restricted stock units was determined by the closing stock price listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market on the grant date.

The following table summarizes the activity for all RSUs outstanding at March 31 under the 2017 Plan:


	2022			2021
		Weighted Average			Weighted Average
		Grant Date			Grant Date
		Fair Value			Fair Value
	Shares	Per Share		Shares	Per Share
Nonvested RSUs at beginning of year, as restated	510,851	$	12.48	946,245	$	12.81
Granted	—		—	6,019		9.00
Vested	(2,947)		8.71	—		—
Cancelled and forfeited	(334,271)		12.81	—		—
Nonvested RSUs at March 31,	173,633	$	11.91	952,264	$	12.79

Table of Contents

Subsequent to the issuance of the December 31, 2021 consolidated financial statements, the Company identified an error related to the calculation of the number of vested shares of restricted stock units related to the Company’s 2017 Equity Incentive Plan. The Company used an incorrect number of vested shares of restricted stock units for the year ended December 31, 2021. Accordingly, the Company restated the number of vested shares of restricted stock units for the year ended December 31, 2021 from 37,802 shares to 393,909 shares, and the resulting total non-vested restricted stock units at December 31, 2021 from 866,958 shares to 510,851 shares. Additionally, the weighted average grant date fair value of vested shares for the year ended December 31, 2021 was restated from $6.51 per share to $11.21 per share, and the weighted average grant date fair value for total nonvested restricted stock units as of December 31, 2021 was restated from $12.16 per share to $12.48 per share. This change did not have any impact on our earnings per share calculations, nor did it have any impact on any previous disclosures related to potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computations of diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding. The Company has evaluated the materiality of this error and concluded that it is not material to the December 31, 2021 consolidated financial statements. Further, the Company will also prospectively restate the previously reported financial information for the related error in future and annual filings for the year ending December 31, 2022.

Total stock compensation expense recognized from stock-based compensation awards classified as restricted stock units were recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Research and development	$	12,000	$	267,700
General and administrative		(7,100)		556,600
Total	$	4,900	$	824,300

On August 20, 2020, the board of directors canceled and terminated 709,334 RSUs, granted during the quarter ended June 30, 2020. The cancelled RSUs were originally granted to